Abortion Victims Essays - Abortion, Pro-choice Movement,

Abortion Victims Abortion is a very controversial subject that has been continually argued over for the past few years and probably many years to come. The main controversy is should abortion be legalized? First, before we get into the many sides of abortion we must first define abortion. Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child while the child is still in the mother's womb. This can be done by almost anyone from the mother herself to back alley abortions and even to abortions by clinics set up especially for this purpose. There are two sides to this abortion topic, the PRO-LIFE, which is those who are against abortion altogether and, the PRO-CHOICE, or those who believe it is the woman's right to choose if she wants to have an abortion. These two groups offer different solutions to the problem. The pro-life solution is to have the child and basically live with it. They believe abortion is not an answer. The pro-choice solution is abortion because of reasons they feel are appropriate. Although abortion is morally and ethically wrong should it be legal for victims of rape or incest who have no other alternative? There is no real answer to this controversy, there are two sides which have been arguing for many years over the subject. The first is the pro-life group. This group does not believe in the abortion factor. To understand where the pro-life stands we must first understand its beliefs and reasons for its beliefs. Then we can discuss what their solution to the abortion topic is. Pro-life believes that rape and incest are very emotional topics. They often elicit throughout the population feelings of revulsion; people draw back from the issue of rape and incest. People don't know how to handle a person who is in that much pain. There is no quick fix. That is why it is difficult for even pro-life people to come to grips with the argument over abortion in cases of rape and incest. Some of those who are pro-life will allow abortion in these cases because they don't know what else they can do for the victim and accept it as a rare case. But it is known that allowing abortion in these cases usually does not help the victim, instead it only worsens the problem because the victims needs are not being met. But what the facts suggest is that only a minority of rape and incest victims actually choose abortion. This is where pro-life has its biggest problem. Pro-life states that abortion is not usually chosen as the immediate solution for rape and incest victims but that is the prevailing belief of the general population. A woman has been raped and made pregnant: "Oh, she's got to have an abortion." No one has studied the rape and incest victims needs; abortion is presumed to fill her needs. Various studies and research indicate that rape and incest victims fall into a high-risk category of abortion. But what happens after a victim has an abortion? Jackie Baker, a victim states: "I soon discovered that the aftermath of my abortion continued a long time after the memory of my rape had faded. I felt empty and horrible. Nobody told me about the emptiness and pain I would feel deep within causing nightmares and deep depressions. They all told me that after the abortion I could continue with my life as if nothing ever happened." This is the story we hear from a lot of aborted women. Today in our society it is believed by most people that it is the woman's fault just as much as the man's fault, if not more. Many people think women are responsible for contributing to the rape itself. Then the rape victims feel self-blame and guilt. And even then a rape or incest victims family members or close friends may reinforce these negative feelings. Or they drop the problem because they don't know how to talk about it. We even see the same thing in the abortion experience. When a person becomes pregnant because of rape or incest there is a permanent symbol of the rape, at least until it is aborted. Women who have had abortions fear being rejected by G-d and loved ones. It is a very traumatic experience which takes time. The fact is that you are really telling your loved ones of a death in the family. Opinion polls have shown for years that women are more against abortion than men are. Women led the opposition

Description for PC essays

Description for PC essays The PC (Personal Computer) consists of a central unit, referred to as the computer has various components (a part which combines with other parts to form something bigger such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM). The computer is a box which contains most of the working electronics connected with cables to the components. There is easy way to think about the computer. If one thinks a computer as a human body, the components will be the parts of the human body such as a heart, a brain, a lung, a stomach. If one does not have any one of them, one may have a ring on ones head and knock on deaths door. The computer is the same as a body structure; therefore, the computer will not work correctly, if one of components is not work. There are many components in the computer; however, the silvery small square box, the CPU, is certainly the most important PC component. Without the CPU, there would be no PC on the earth. The CPU has hundreds of needles at the bottom; moreover, the size is the same as a biscuit that can be taken in a bite. The CPU stands for Central (the center of PC data processing) Processing (the processing, moves and calculates, data) Unit (a chip, which contains millions of transistors). One can think of the CPU as the brain of a human body (Central). The CPU can calculate the money (Processing), and it operates with a thousands and one voltages roll (Unit). The smallest and the cleverest brain can calculate the total amount of a hundred and one coins. However, if the brain does not have the memory that it calculated, the work will come to nothing; therefore, the brain needs to memorize what it calculated. A greenish 10 cm ruler, RAM does this job. You can understand RAM (Random Access Memory) as the working memory storage. All the data, which the PC uses and works with during operation, are stored here. Finally, the brain can do memorize thousands of coins; however, it will forget the am ...

Lab Report Essay Example

Lab Report Essay Example Lab Report Essay Lab Report Essay Therefore, a compound pendulum Is a endured consisting of an actual object allowed to rotate freely around a horizontal axis Consider an extended body of mass [pick]with a hole drilled though it. Suppose that the body is suspended from a fixed peg, which passes through the hole, such that it is free to swing from side to side, as shown in Figure 1. This setup is known as a compound pendulum. I [pick] I Figure 1: A The types of bodies that are being used In our experiment was Round concord bar, Square concord bar and trapezium plate. The mall Idea that been applied In this experiment was the theory of Moment of Inertia. Background 2 by Muhammad Wide AH-Jeffrey Abraham The experiment title is on compound pendulum. We call a rigid body suspended and free to swing about an axis is a compound pendulum. A compound pendulum behaves like a simple pendulum with effective length, L. The experiment is done to find centre of mass of experiments specimen. There are three type of specimens used in this experiment. They are Trapezium bar, Round concord bar and Square concord bar. Before the experiment Is done, we are given a complete briefing by Mr.. Mood Zachary Johan, the lecturer for this subject on how we supposed to do and submitted ten report Tater ten erelong, we are eave Into our own groups to 00 ten experiment. The dimension of all specimens is given in this experiment. They are sticker on wall inside the lab. But, we decided to measure all the dimension of the specimens manually in order to get more accurate value of our own. At first, our group is doing the experiment on Round concord bar specimen. Other apparatus has been assembled properly, which includes protractor to measure the angle of 1 50 from y-axis (vertical-axis). This angle is the starting point before the round concord bar is released to swing freely for 10 times. Total swinging time in second is measured by using a stopwatch provided. Next, the experiment is done on Square concord bar and Trapezium bar respectively. We record all the data from this experiment in the lab sheet provided by the lecturer. After we finished the experiment, all the group members co-operating to rearrange all the apparatus back to it normal position. Consider an extended body of mass [pick]with a hole drilled though it. Suppose that the body is suspended from a fixed peg, which passes through the hole, such that it is free to swing from side to side, as shown in figure below: [pick] Figure above shows a setup of compound pendulum. Background 3 by Mood Faith Bin Mood Koori A compound pendulum is a rigid body swinging in a vertical plane about any horizontal axis passing through the body. Pendulums have many practical applications Including timekeeping and measuring gravitational field strength. The simple pendulum is treated in many elementary physics texts but is an idealization which does not include the mass of the arm which supports the swinging bob. The experiment is done to find centre of mass of experiments specimen. There are three type of specimens used in this experiment. They are Trapezium bar, Round condor bar and Square condor bar. In order to see if this simple theory will allow accurate analysis of real pendulums, we carried out an experimental investigation of a compound Pendulum, focusing on the dependence of T on l, where T is the period for small oscillations of the pendulum when the distance between the centre of gravity and the Axis of rotation is l. In the schematic representation of a pendulum shown in the illustration, O represents the axis and C the center of mass. The line CO makes an instantaneous angle B with the vertical. In rotary motion of any rigid body about a fixed axis, the angular acceleration is equal to the torque about the axis divided by the moment of inertia I about the axis. If m represents the mass of the pendulum, the force of can De consoler EAI as ten welling MGM acting at ten center AT mass c Schematic diagram of a pendulum. O represents the axis, C is the center of mass, and P the center of oscillation. Background 4 by Mohammad Hafiz Bin Mohammad Argali A body which rotates about an axis through its centre of mass will have a moment of inertia given by mega where k is called the radius of gyration of that body for that axis. The radius of gyration is the point in a rotating body at which all the mass appears to be concentrated. If another axis through the centre of mass is chosen then the radius of Wharton will be different for the different axis of rotation.

Scot-free

Scot-free Scot-free Scot-free By Maeve Maddox â€Å"To escape scot-free† means to elude merited consequences: [Construction] Site Deaths Soaring as Bosses Escape Scot Free No escape: independent directors won’t go scot free Now all the doctors at Mid Staffs escape scot-free over deaths. In the Middle Ages a scot was a tax or tribute paid by a feudal tenant to his lord. The word derives from a Scandanavian word meaning tribute. It came to stand for different kinds of payments levied for services. In Kent and Sussex, the scot was a tax for the maintenance of drainage systems and flood prevention. In some contexts the scot was simply the bill owed for drinks or entertainment. Explanations of the expression scot-free may be found on numerous web sites. Most of the sites I’ve browsed correctly trace the term to the word for a tax, but a few cling to a mistaken idea that the expression has something to do with the 1857 US Supreme Court ruling known as the â€Å"Dred Scott Decision.† For example, this confident explanation: Its spelt scott-free and refers to a famous US Supreme Court decision involving the black slave Dred Scott. Ironically Scott lost his suit, though you wouldnt know it from the well-known phrase. The misspelling scott occurs both as an error and as a play on the name of someone named Scott. For example: Lincoln’s Assassin Got Away Scott Free (misspelled headline at YouTube) American Idol recap: Getting off Scott-free (The reference is to a contestant named Scott MacIntyre.) The lingering association of scot-free with Dred Scott is probably owing to vague recollections of high school history: a man named Scott wanted to be free. To refresh your memory, here’s a recap of what the Dred Scott Decision was about: In 1846, Dred Scott, then 47 years old, sued the Missouri state government on behalf of his wife, two daughters, and himself; the suit contended that they were being illegally held in slavery. Scott was born into slavery in Alabama. When he was about 30, he was sold to an Army doctor in Missouri. During the following years, Scott married, fathered two daughters, and lived at different times in the free states of Illinois and Wisconsin. Scott’s lawsuit contended that residence in a free state conferred freedom. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court where, in 1857, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney wrote the majority opinion: the Scotts were property and property rights were protected by the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution. Although Dred Scott lost his case, he did not die in slavery. His owner’s widow married an abolitionist who returned the family to Scott’s original owner. The former slave owner had since moved to Missouri and become an abolitionist; he freed Scott, his wife, and their two daughters. Dred Scott died of tuberculosis after enjoying only seventeen months of freedom. His wife Harriet survived him by eighteen years. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†Probable vs. PossibleContinue and "Continue on"

Porters Force for Competitive Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 7

Porters Force for Competitive Advantage - Essay Example A comparative analysis of the systems followed by businesses of various economies to gain edge is evaluated from Porter’s competitive advantage view. Â  The model’s approach to identify the cluster of small industries where their competence has a direct correlation with the performance of other businesses in the same economy, along with other factors, adds value chain to the process. The advantages can be from consumer-business relationship or local market context, giving it an edge over similar businesses in offshore markets. The various elements of the model is as in the figure below, that shows the business elements and suggests the underlying factors boosting the affectivity of the competence. Further, Rugman and Verbeke (1993) suggested that the factors affecting the competence are related with each other and existing market environment. The four distinct determinants of the model have great influence on the strengths of the business located therein. The vertical relationships of buyers’ intelligence and suppliers are correlated horizontally with technology, skills, distribution challenge etc. The use of the model in the process gives the overview of the industry in terms of competition in the industry. Pressman (1991) observed that the respective Government identifies these clusters to support and promote them as a source of economic growth. Factor Conditions: The position of a business as production capacity, skill manpower availability, infrastructure, legal frameworks etc aided by the government agencies determines the factor conditions. The conditions would determine the performance and ease of doing business in a particular economy.

Advise to Rig Repair & Parts Limited in its International Business Coursework

Advise to Rig Repair & Parts Limited in its International Business Expansion - Coursework Example The issue with Agency B is a very complicated one. Agency B has the sole agency rights for RRP in South Africa. This makes them the only agency that can source for projects in South Africa for RPR. If care is not taken by RPR, it could get involved in a breach of contract with Agency B if it goes ahead to sign this contract with Agency A. If this happens, Agency B will be entitled to claims for damages. Secondly, if RRP goes ahead to sign this contract with Agency A, granting it exclusive rights without a proper care with regards to the agreement with Agency B, Agency A will not get access to the exclusivity it desires. This could also pose legal problems for Agency A and B in their operations in South Africa. This arrangement is a principal-agency arrangement in an international context. A principal-agent relationship exists when a party pursues to direct the actions of the opposite party to his own ends for mutual benefits like shareholder-manager and employer-employee relationships (Jager, 2008). This, therefore, means that the principal-agent arrangement is one where the principal allows the agent to further his interest and in that process, there is a symbiotic relationship whereby the agent also benefits from some consideration from the principal. The principal gives out a duty to the agent and as the agent goes about it, he gets some benefits and rewards for his efforts. This, therefore, makes it a mutual relationship between both parties. Under international law, the UN Convention on Agency in the International Sale of Goods offers a very broad and comprehensive framework for principal-agent relationships between parties from different parts of the world (Cheng, 1990). South Africa is a signatory to the convention. Under the convention, there are three main elements that are crucial and must be honored by both parties.

Income Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Income Inequality - Essay Example en noble countries are among the richest in the world, the figure of income per capita does not add up to the income distribution of the available population of individuals. This proves the income inequality serving in wealthier countries in the current world, especially, the United States and the United Kingdom countries (Beggs, 2015, Pg. 1). Income inequality within such countries is regularly disguised by the national average. This essay focuses on the growing income inequality issue in the wealthiest countries across the globe and the consequences of concealing economic inequality. Economic variation differs between civilizations, historical epochs, economic arrangements and systems. The term can denote a cross sectional distribution of income or capital at any specific era, or to the generated income and capital over lengthier phases of time. There are numerous arithmetical indices for calculating economic disparity. The commonly used methodologies include the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve, however, there are still other methods (Conferenceboard, 2015, Pg. 2). Economists have stressed that income inequality has brought about growing social problem. The economist view that the world cannot be a just and fair place for everything but too much disparity can be damaging. This is because income disparity and wealth focus can obstruct long term growth of a country’s economy. Previous economic studies contrasting disparity in economic growth had been unsatisfying, nevertheless in 2011, the International Monetary Fund economists revealed that bigger income parity, less disparity, heightened the period of countries economic growth development more as compared to while having free trade, low institutional corruption, overseas investment, or small foreign debt (Beggs, 2015, Pg 1). Nevertheless, the increase in income disparity over the past few decades, the subject was mainly overlooked. An article on The Economist post was dedicated on income inequality

Case Study Strategi Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Study Strategi Audit - Essay Example It was started in the year 1962 in Rogers, Arkansas, by Sam Walton. It took a long way to reach an annual sales turnover of $1 billion. By the year 2002, Wal-Mart became the world’s largest retail giant with sales of $218 billions. In the initial days of starting the business, Wal-Mart designed a strategy to build large discount stores in rural areas. Wal-Mart employed the strategy of selling branded products at a very low price. Initially, the management of the firm decided to develop the firm as a one-stop discounted departmental chain store with a vast variety of general merchandise goods to be offered to the customers that too at a low price. The management’s initial focus was on its purchase decisions. The firm focused on exploring each and every opportunity that helped in general merchandise goods. The two important products of the entire Wal-Mart product line on which the firm laid a strong emphasis were health products and beauty products. The stores used to maintain a high stock of these products. When the firma became successful in opening more than 279 stores by the end of the year 1979, the next focus was on designing strategies for expanding the firm aggressively. In contrast, to the other retail stores who built ware houses in order to serve the already existing outlets, Wal-Mart used to first build distribution centers and later started stores around the distribution centers. This strategy of Wal-Mart helped the firm in pooling the advertising and distribution overheads. The firm also focused on the transportation time needed for a customer to reach the outlet. The strategy of aggressive expansion turned out to be a big success because Wal-Mart became the largest retailer and discount stores in United States by the end of the year 1991 which had almost 1,573 Wal-Mart outlets in 35 states. Once the firm attained the position of national discount

Coffee Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Coffee - Case Study Example The quantity of output that is likely to be produced in a cartel depends on the strength and stability of the cartel. For instance, if the cartel decides to act as a monopoly then it has absolute authority over all its members. The following graph shows the output and price in case of a cartel arrangement (Dwivedi, 2009). The summation of individual marginal cost curves provides the marginal cost curve for the industry as a whole and the intersection of the marginal revenue and cost curves determines the equilibrium level of output and price. Once the industry has been determined then the individual firms ascertains their own level of output by matching their own marginal cost curves to the profit-maximizing level. Cartels have been banned in a number of developed countries like the U.S.A. on account of the negative impacts it has on the consumers (Marshall and Marx, 2012). In many cases it has been observed that the cartel members hide prices, charge unreasonable price and artificially constrict output and all of these reduces the welfare of the consumer. Consumers can also lose confidence in the business as cartels have been largely associated with the negative sentiments. In most of the cases the business enterprises which are not a part of the cartel are often eliminated from the business and this in turn affects the overall effectiveness of the economy as a whole. Formation of cartels has been associated with the reduction of the innovation and economic efficiency. Governments and economists of various countries thinks that cartels are ineffective because unproductive members take refuge to the cartels and are not bothered to improve their performance (Grossman, 2004). It has also been fo und that cartel members often discourage the entry of new entrants into the market and this in turn restricts the chances of economic growth and job prospects for many. In many cases the cartels have been held responsible

Academic Degree and Abundant Natural Resources Essay Example for Free

Academic Degree and Abundant Natural Resources Essay When I say educated man, I do not refer to the individual who has read a thousand books and magazines, however important reading may be to the life of the mind. One of the most unfortunate things in this country is that so much is read by so many who do not know what to read. Because of cheap paper and printing, comics, pulp magazines and cheap literature have replaced the classics and the great masterpieces. As a consequence, an enormous mental garbage has been piled up beyond our collective capacity to liquidate. Writers of history a hundred years from now, in assessing the quality of education in the Philippines, may have ample reason to say that our schools have produced a vast population able to read, but unable to distinguish what is worth reading. It was Mark Twain, I believe, who said he never allowed his schooling to interfere with his education. When I use the term educated man, I do not mean the individual who has memorized a thousand facts and assembled in his mind a million data, on the basis of which he has earned a string of academic degrees. I do not mean to minimize the importance of memory, for it is stating the obvious when I say we should be able to observe, sort out and remember relevant facts so we may have a sound basis for each judgment. Of Themistocles, it has been said that he knew by heart the names of twenty thousand citizens of Athens; and Cyrus, it is recorded, knew every soldier in his huge army. Indeed, how refreshing it would be for our youth to learn by heart Jesus inimitable Sermon on the Mount, the magnificent soliloquies of Shakespeare, the unforgettable dialogue of Plato and in our own land, the lofty language of Arellano and Laurel, the trenchant outbursts of Manuel Quezon and the elegant prose of Claro M. Recto. How inspiring it would be for our young men and women to remember the historic landmarks in our struggle for freedom — from the heroism of Lapu-Lapu to the lonely battle of Del Pilar at Tirad Pass, from the field of Bagumbayan where the young Rizal met his tragic death to the dark dungeons of Fort Santiago, where the youth of the land suffered a thousand times and met a thousand deaths! Nor do I minimize the significance of degrees and diplomas in a degree-conscious society such as we have, except to emphasize the danger of mistaking a degree for intellectual worth. A college graduate has once been described as one who at the end of his studies is presented with a sheepskin to cover his intellectual nakedness. When I say educated man, I do not refer to the skilled engineer, the able trial lawyer, the talented musician, the gifted writer, or the expert surgeon. Far be it from me to underrate the importance of skills and talents. Sometime ago, I made reference to the fact that while we have abundant natural resources in this country, we do not have sufficient skills to make this country great. Japan is relatively poor in natural resources, with land scarcely enough to sustain her tremendous population, but despite a war that laid waste her towns and cities, she has recovered and come back with greater vigor because she has a people of abundant skills. But I would like to submit the proposition that one becomes a great scientist, an able lawyer, or a noted writer, only because he is first — and pre-eminently a good man. An abundant talent employed to serve an evil end is a prostitution of divine endowment. What, then, is the educated man? Is he the man who has read a lot? Partly yes, because his reading is serious and discriminate and uplifting. Is he the man who remembers many facts and events? Partly yes, because the training of memory is a wholesome discipline that requires effort and application and because one cannot make a sound judgement without respect for remembered facts. Is the educated man, then, one who because of his skill is able to provide for himself and his family? Partly yes, since education should teach us how to make a living. But there is one thing we should always remember and it is this — that far more important than the making of a living, is a living of life — a good life, a meaningful life, an abundant life. The educated man lives this kind of a life, because he has opened the windows of his mind to great thoughts and ennobling ideas; because he is not imprisoned by the printed page, but chooses to make a relentless, rigorous analysis and evaluation of everything he reads; because he is less interested in the accumulation of degrees than in the stimulation of his mind and the cultivation of a generous spirit; because his interest is less in knowing who is right but more importantly, in discerning what is right  and defending it with all the resources at his command; because he can express himself clearly and logically, with precision and grace; Because he is not awed by authority, but is humble enough to recognize that his best judgment is imperfect and may well be tainted by error or pride; because he has a deep reverence for the inherent worth and dignity of every human being, as a creature of God; because he has a healthy sense of values, a breadth of outlook and the depth of compassion which a purposeful education generates; because whenever he talks about good government he is prepared and willing to sacrifice himself for it; and because he lives a life of relevance to the world in which we live, a sharing in the problems of his time and doing whatever he can with intelligence and fairness and understanding.

Social Media And Its Impact On Branding

Social Media And Its Impact On Branding ABSTRACT: Social Media is a new age concept which has taken world by storm; companies are trying to promote products actively on social media and interact with customers. This research paper includes the findings of the research based on the hypothesis that Social media marketing has a positive impact on sales and brand image. This research paper highlights the increasing trends of social media marketing, how brands are being affected and what impact theses tactics have on the sales of the respected companies. A sample of 50 respondents was taken into consideration as primary research. It consisted of a good mix of people across gender, age groups and income demographics. The study aimed to analyze the awareness and acceptability of social media marketing by measuring the different factors that are associated with branding and PR; and conclude whether social marketing enhances sales or not. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to understand and identify the various methods of e-marketing with respect to social media. It is essential to identify the changing trends in branding with the advent of blogging sites, Twitter, Facebook and other networking options. With more advancement in technology; everyone uses this facility for multiple purposes, moreover the concept of the online community and interconnectivity has changed the way people share views. Therefore the prime purpose of my research analysis is to facilitate the study of various social media trends that affect branding and online marketing. It has been analyzed whether social media is a mere feedback facility or an actual revenue enhancing tool. PROBLEM STATEMENT Social media is a promotional tool and connectivity medium for companies; there is a need to determine whether it is effective in enhancing sales or not. HYPOTHESIS H0: Social media marketing has a positive impact on sales and brand image. H1: Social media marketing does not affect sales, it enhances brand image. SAMPLE SIZE The sample size of the research consists of a total of 50 individuals whose ages range between 15-25, 26-35 and 36 above. All respondents belonged to SEC A+,A, A-, B+ and B; with an educational level to understand the study. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES Primary Research: Questionnaire interviews. Secondary Research: Literature Review Literature Review Social marketing is the new age concept in the world of branding and business. With advent of Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin etc the way we communicate has changed. It has surely evolved from being a teenagers space to a global phenomenon for social interaction. Mark Zukerberg has been named person of the year by Times for instilling unlimited possibilities in the world of communication. A national survey of reporters and editors revealed that 89% use blogs for story research, 65% turn to social media sites such as Facebook and LinkedIn, and 52% utilize microblogging services such as Twitter (George-2010). While the use of social media sources by journalists is growing rapidly, the reliability of such information remains an issue, as the survey also made it clear that reporters and editors are acutely aware of the need to verify information they get from social media Nearly half of all Americans are now members of at least one social network, double the proportion of just two years ago. While social network use is highest among the young, its not limited to this age bracket: two-thirds of 25- to 34-year-olds and half of those aged 35 to 44 also now have personal profile pages. Among the worlds 100 largest companies, two-thirds are using Twitter, 54% have a Facebook page, 50% manage at least one corporate YouTube channel and 33% have created company blogs. Overall, 79% of Fortune 100 companies are using at least one social media channel. (Pick-2010) Social media has enabled business leaders to create marketing opportunities which were untapped before. PepsiCo uses social networks to reach millions of entrepreneurs at the Superbowl. Whereas Leaders like IBMs Sam Palmisano, PepsiCos Indra Nooyi, Apples Steve Jobs, Microsofts Steve Ballmer, Carlsons Marilyn Nelson, and Harvard Business School Dean Nitin Nohria (George-2010) are all active social network users. This transformation in business is possible today because these social networks are a unique way of broadly communicating real-time messages to the audiences they want to reach. They can write a message anywhere, anytime, and share it with interested parties without any public relations meddling, speech writers, airplane travel, canned videos, or voicemail messages people. The business area it has affected the most is marketing, a new promotional weapon adding new dimensions to consumer awareness. Social media is an interactive forum to reach the consumer at a personal level. Consumer marketing companies are lining up to use these networks to reach their tailored demographics with highly personalized messages, social channels give a chance to the consumers to share feedback readily about products and services. It is not just brand awareness but a chance to build a strong relationship with the customer. A major contribution are the blogging sites, astonishingly the fate of leading brands may be reliant on comments of regular bloggers. This may be seen as a positive by a lot of branding experts since it can lead to endless business growth. Social media is user-controlled, which means that sociologic components play a large role in any companys social media business strategy. The limits of social media are only set by the limits of the technology of social media tools (Hobsbawm-2009). At one time, companies had a monologue with its customers. Companies put out television commerci als or print ads about its products and waited to see whether the sales rolled in to determine success rates. Now, social media allows companies to have a dialogue with its customers and gain valuable feedback and input as it creates the message. Information and messaging for a company was once controlled by its marketing and sales departments. Now, with the democratization of information, no one owns the message about a product or company. Every company must become part of the conversation or risk letting users become the voice of the company. Customers are using social channels to instantly share positive and negative feedback about products and services, influencing countless other people. Word-of-mouth marketing has existed since the dawn of man, but today, it uses a massive megaphone to extend farther than ever. People exchanging feedback, ideas, recommendations and more are changing the way customers shop and the way businesses produce. The study, carried out by the Economist Intelligence Unit and sponsored by SAS, the software vendor, suggests that social media is making the relationship between companies and their customers much more transparent. In particular, customers are more likely to try to deal with C-level executives through social media than through other channels. Businesses should respond, the report suggests, by integrating the multichannel feedback from blogs, community sites and social networks with their conventional marketing and market research data. Social media presence is a fundamental today, ranging from business to fortune 500 corporations. However social media marketing is a savior for small businesses. Its cost effective and they can easily Tweet new offers or update Facebook fanpage for latest offers. Moreover companies like Dell have used twitter to increase sales by $1 million in the past one year (Henry-2010). This whole social community allows your companys name and brand to be viewed by a significant amount of people. Continuous use of social media over time creates brand awareness and thus helps to increase sales. Competitions on social networks and interactive sessions are a new promotional tool being used, for example Top bartender page on Facebook by Absolut Vodka or Apples blogging on ipods dirty little secrets. What companies need is a financial justification, ROI on social media marketing has consistently been high, with Addidas having upto 70% returns. There are a total of 13 million internet users in Pakistan including Broadband, dial up, and mobile. Figures given by the PTA regarding internet users is that of 19 million from which face book consists of 2.2 million, (Pick- 2010) Yahoo around 4 million, MSN around 4 to 5 million and You Tube around 4.5 million. Based on these figures internet marketing is highly lucrative. Businesses in Pakistan have been marketing their products, brands and businesses using social media but still the industry has to come out. There are number of brands that have used such websites to promote their brands but still the results of such marketing tool in Pakistan are yet to achieve. Though, our neighboring country India has been using these websites as a marketing medium and they have been able to get positive results from using promotional campaigns. There are at least 500 companies with a Facebook presence. Brands like Ego, HSY, Gunsmoke etc rely on Facebook advertising. An average ad costing Rs. 10000 to Rs. 35000 on other mediums can only cost 3 to 10 cents on this site. (Syed-2010) Julie Roehm parses out the numbers from the Pew Internet and American Life study that were mentioned in the New York Times article, finding that theres a great disparity in how different generations consume content and that the older we get, the more likely we are to spend time on longer form content. Where will this lead us? Are we doomed to sound bites, tweets and trite self-absorbed updates for the foreseeable future? The viral effect that social media has in marketing is shaping a new face of branding. Moreover social media is the place people trust for seeking information. Be it feedback, product information search or tackling PR disasters, social media has it all. Social media would evolve into a decision making tool in future when mashed with other online options; making brand equity highly vulnerable to social verdicts. What lies ahead is a fierce branding battle which can be won with innovative social marketing solutions. The addictiveness can be cashed by generating a mix of the virtual society and physical customer support banded together. Many of the people involved in this study believed that information they have seen on social networks didnt influence their purchasing decision. On the surface, we would agree with them because most information you see on social networks isnt shown to you when you are in the process of making a buying decision. The real power of Social Media Marketing is the brand building and the longevity of the content a company adds to a social community (Baekdal-2009). A statement made by a company and picked up by someone you Follow on Twitter can impact a purchase you make at a later point but you wouldnt necessarily correlate that with your buying decision. There may also be content that was created on a social network that gets displayed in the results of your Google search that may influence your decision to purchase a product but you also may not realize that the information is even coming from Social Media Marketing. The lesson to be learned here is that marketing doesnt always correlate easily to direct sales. We have become too dependent on measuring your ROI from Internet Marketing. Marketers need to understand and respect the long term value of building a brand through the web and just because you dont see instant revenue from a marketing campaign doesnt necessarily mean it wont be effective. (Pick-2010) Large companies and small businesses who have used social media to promote their products and services could attest that they have experienced remarkable increase in sales. Exposing your brand in social media can be an excellent way to make the existence of your business known to the public. It is a fact that members of social media are pouring in and is still constantly increasing. So, you can just imagine the number of potential views your business can get simply by being a part of these social networking sites (Gunelius-2009). Whether you are just starting out or your business is already a multinational corporation, there are many social marketing tools available to provide the needed marketing exposure of your business. And another good thing is that most of these tools are for free therefore giving you an edge especially if your marketing budget is limited. If one is wondering how sales can be increased with social media, the answer is simple: Social media can reach millions of people worldwide. Anyone with an internet access can view your advertisements online. With TV commercials, only those people watching at the time can see broadcasted advertisement and interaction is not possible. Social sites, on the other hand, allow you to post blogs or tweets about your product and surely your company will get noticed resulting to increased sales. At the same time, you can interact with customers and gather insights on what they expect from you and how you can improve your products and services to meet the demands of your market. As observed by most companies that use social media for marketing purposes, the effect is truly viral. The case is especially true for Facebook and Twitter where friends tell each other about the products offered by small companies by word of mouth. With the tweets, recommendations and positive reviews, your company a nd your brand will be made known to a significant number of interested people. (Henry_2010) PRIMARY RESEARCH ANALYSIS PROCEDURE GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS EXPECTED RESULTS Before conducting the research, I expect that my Null hypothesis that is Social media marketing has a positive impact on sales and brand image will prove to be true. RESULTS OBTAINED/DERIVED SAMPLE: The above table shows the demographics of the survey that around 44% were male candidates and 56% of them were female. This also shows that the sample size was ideal as the percentages of both male and female are taken in consideration for survey The above graph shows the Age demographics that from each age bracket what percentage of people were taken in consideration. 68% were young adults forming the largest usage segment, followed by 22% of users between age of 26-35 years of age. The survey also included 10% of middle aged users. The above chart shows daily online presence of respondents, whether they are active users or passive users. Reason for this question was to get the insight of the consumer that how much is the highest usage of internet and to what extent internet usage effects their life. The result was 44 % of the sample use less than 1 hour a day, 36% use between 2 to 3 hours a day, 8% use between 3 to 4 hours a day and 12% use more than 4 hours a day. The results depict that most of the users use internet up to 3 hours a day. RESEARCH FINDINGS: The above pie chart shows the number of people effected by product branding while making a buying decision. The results help to determine whether it is important for marketers to enhance brand image to effect sales or not. 54% of the respondents believe their buying decision is dependent on branding while 26% believe it is not. Whereas 20% are not sure if branding can impact purchase decision. The chart above shows the usage of social media sites by respondents. Out of the 50 most of the respondents are present on more than 1 site. Most of them are on Facebook followed by a heavy use of Youtube. Whereas; presence on Twitter and blogging sites is almost equal. This shows socializing and content viewing both are important aspects of social media experience. The above chart shows consumer insight on information search, which medium is most used for product information search. 56% relied on word-of-mouth which in turn highlights social media importance. Moreover 15% relied on TV, 11% on newspaper and magazines and 18% on internet. The above pie chart shows results on buying decision of a friends Facebook status update and Tweet. Whether, people consider this feedback or not. 42% said yes they did 36% said no however 22% were somewhat influenced. The above chart shows if people would purchase a product because of positive social media response. 43% said agree, that they would purchase a product. 28% disagree, they would not buy a product because of social media influence whereas 26% were neutral. The above pie chart shows if negative feedback through social media would affect respondents Brand loyalty. 58% said yes, 32% said no and 10% being affected to a limited extent. The results depict the dependence of brand loyalty on feedback. The above chart shows if people consider social media to be best source of promotion. 36% disagreed, 32% were neutral whereas 22% agreed. The results identify the importance of social media as promotion tool, which according to the results is not very strong. The above pie chart shows which factor most influences sales, 32% said product features and 29% said price whereas only 6% said feedback. This shows that social media feedback may not directly influence sales of a product. The above analysis show the different factors influencing sales, brand image and consumer loyalty. Is can be depicted that sales is most affected by price and features and brand image is affected mostly by company PR and promotion. Moreover consumer loyalty is also dependent mostly on PR and product features. CONCLUSION The conclusion derived from my research report is that my null hypothesis being: Social media marketing has a positive impact on sales and brand image did not prove to be true. People prefer word-of-mouth (56% respondents) as the best source of information search; moreover feedback on social media may affect their purchase decision. But at the same time feedback was not rated as the most important factor in purchase decision, it is believed that sales are affected by product price and features (32% respondents). My research also depicted a key consumer insight which identifies brand presence on social media for image building and consumer loyalty is important. Consumers may not purchase anything because it is praised on social media but also be disoriented if a lot of negative feedback is received. Social media is also crucial for interacting with consumers, hence aiding the process of customer care. The research also analyzed that brands today need social media for promoting and rem inding consumers about the product, but it is true that consumers do not rate social media as a major influence of purchase decision. Therefore, the inductive hypothesis of social media only affecting brand image and not sales stands to be true. Social media in todays internet age is online presence of a brand, just like any person. Brands need to intervene in feedback, captivate consumer preference and enhance brand image. However relying on social media for increasing sales is not viable. SUGGESTION/RECOMMENDATIONS E-marketing is a really effective mode of communication and advertisement which is overwhelming the traditional means of promotion and PR. E-marketing is a very convenient way of promotion and conveying the message to the public. The rate of internet penetration has increased by more than 100% since the past few years resulting in more access to web by the new generation. The recommendations brought forth by my research findings include that presence on social media is a must. Social media content may include pages on Facebook, regular tweets on Twitter by employees and content available on Youtube. Now a days companys readily upload latest advertisements on Youtube and at times their corporate documentaries. Blogging is also a very important mode for interactions, consumers turn to these sites for answers, regular blogging may enable marketers to attain consumer insight and simultaneously discuss product related issues. It is recommended that social media marketing should be used as a secondary medium of promotion following the conventional promotion mediums as primary. Sales may not be directly affected by social media presence however companies may cash on brand equity in the long term. Social marketing may prove to be ideal for small and medium sized businesses. Where spending a lot on promotion may not be feasible, social media may prove to be a blessing. Today more than 500 businesses have a mere Facebook presence in Pakistan, it is also the cheapest and most interactive forum for such companies. FUTURE WORK: Social media is considered the next big idea by some marketers whereas others consider it to be a mere fad. Now organizations need to analyze the fact that today social media marketing may prove to be beneficial for brand image but return on investment is a crucial factor to be considered. Investment in social media marketing has to be regulated according to future needs of the company and product itself. Internet usage is part of life but modes of interaction have dynamically changed, hence to conclude ideal scenario is to build a strong brand support through social media to have a long lasting impact on the future.

Abortion is a Womans Choice Essay -- Abortion, Argumentative, Pro-Cho

Today, abortion is a big issue concerning women because for years it had been said that abortion should not be legal. Many people feel aborting an unwanted child, or killing an unwanted child should be against the law. Many people don’t’ know what abortion is, who can receive abortions, and why people would even choose to get them. I feel as though a woman’s body is her own to do with what ever she wants. Therefore, on the topic of abortions, I am pro-choice. First of all, before a person makes a decision about abortions, they should know exactly what it is. The dictionary defines Abortion as: The termination of pregnancy and expulsion of an embryo or of a fetus that is incapable of survival. This simply means, inducing birth to kill the fetus, or baby before it is carried to full ...

A Comparison of Christians and Buddhists Essay -- comparison compare c

Christians Live for Today, Buddhists Live for Tomorrow    Death is perhaps the most difficult aspect of life humans are forced to deal with. In order to help us cope, we have implemented the grieving process--a series of events with the purpose of making death easier to deal with--into our lives. Not everyone handles death in the same fashion, and each culture has rituals characteristic to itself that may differ greatly from another culture's rituals. Christianity and Buddhism are two religions that have completely different grieving processes, and in a conversation with Ms. Sit-Sen Wong, a Buddhist from Malaysia, this idea was confirmed as a fact. Through life, Buddhists constantly prepare for death and the afterlife, while Christians, although concerned about that, focus on enjoying the present life as much as possible. Many factors have contributed to this deduction and all are based on the differences in the grieving process rituals between American Christians and Malaysian Buddhists.    Until someone close to us passes away, we forget just how important every minute is that we have. Life is short, therefore, it is necessary not to spend too much time on any one thing. The amount of time spent mourning in America is considerably less than that spent in Malaysia. For example, the funeral and burial, the final outward phases of grieving, takes place, on average, a week after the death of the individual. The Buddhists, however, pray for the soul of the individual every day for six entire weeks. While the Christian view is to grieve, but quickly continue with one's life, the Buddhists feel that they cannot continue until the prayer process is complete. While a Christian may continue to pr... ... during the service, as the Buddhists focus entirely on prayer.    It is evident that the grieving process for Buddhists is far more structured than that for Christians. This is because the family and friends of the deceased are the main concern and the soul of the individual is not. The funeral service helps to reassure everyone that the soul is going to heaven, and that we will all meet again. There is much comfort found in this that allows Christians to carry on, focusing on this life to reserve their spots in heaven. The Buddhists, however, are certain that the soul will be reincarnated, so it is extremely important to ensure its safe journey. The focus is placed on prayer for the soul, as what one did in life makes little difference in the end. It is because of these factors that the Christians live for today, the Buddhists live for tomorrow.

Draft Letter Going to War in Vietnam Essay

It was a very hot and humid day. I will never forget that awful day. I just had gotten home from work; the traffic that day was horrible. The mail was in top of my dining room table, and there it was on top of all the mail, the only thing o saw on the envelope was draft and I was the addressee. My reaction was â€Å"Oh My God†, my heart was pounding very heart it felt like it was about to jump out of my chest, my ears were burning. All I could think was that we are told that we are helping people and fighting for our freedom. Instead innocent people are being killed; I have lost most of my freedom. What options do I have, leave the country, or hide for the rest of your life. Or go to war not only means serving your country, but helping people along the way. What were my advantages or disadvantages? None of those options were good, at that point I was in shock, and I just could not believe that this was happening to me, till this day I do not remember ever opening that letter. The advantage I saw was, if I went to war the money I will be getting. With that money I could help my family, have a better future, and it can help me open a lot of doors. The disadvantage is that I can get killed, injured, my family would be devastated, but at the same time they would feel proud. To some, including me the Vietnam War was a crime, an attempt by the United States to suppress a heroic Vietnamese national liberation movement that had driven French colonialism out of its country. To others, the Vietnam War was a forfeit, a just war needlessly lost by timid policymakers and a biased media. For many including myself, the Vietnam War was a tragic mistake brought about by U.S. leaders who exaggerated the influence of communism and underestimated the power of nationalism. Another advantage would be that I would come back as a hero, either alive or in a box. I will still be considered a hero, that is, if I live in a community that is very patriotic. But in my case I do not live in a community like that. The disadvantage would be that my community would not even know that I have gone to war. All I could think was that the draft discriminated against the poor, the less educated and ethnic minorities. Many of us were drafted into the Army against our will nearly all of us are kept in its grasp against our will all in order to carry out this illegal, immoral, and unjust war. We are forced to fight and die in a war we did not create and in which we don’t believe. There are advantages and disadvantages in every war that can either be minute details or change the whole course of war. I would go to war even knowing that I may get killed, injured. Morally is the right thing to do. As a citizen we have a duty to this country whether or not we believe in the cause of war. Initially, people going to Vietnam bought the domino theory. They willingly went because they were defending freedom and democracy and the American way, those who were sent to Vietnam knew that they did not have the support of the American people, knew that they were there in support of a failed policy, and knew that they were not defending freedom or democracy, but were pawns in an ongoing political struggle. My conclusion after writing this is that never think for a moment that you are the only one side that is suffering you might be physically safe from the effects of war. But war is an insidious enemy and all the more damaging when it is implications reach you, others through a dead and suffering.

The Process When Making an Act of Parliament

The Process When Making an Act of Parliament Making law is one of the core functions of Parliament. Laws begin as bills and must progress through a number of set stages in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Only Parliament can make new laws, or change existing ones, that affect the whole of the UK and so proposals are brought to Parliament by the Government and by individual Members of Parliament . These are called ‘Bills’. There are 3 different types of Bills, these are Public Members’ Bills, Private Members’ Bills and Hybrid Members’ Bills.Most Public Bills are introduced into Parliament involve public policies which will either effect the whole country or a large section of it, these Bills are known as Public Bills, for example, the Legal Services Act 2007. Public Bills change the law which applies to the population and are the most common type of Bill in Parliament Government Bills, and those put forward by MP’s or Lords, al so known as Private Members’ Bills. A Private Bill is a Bill designed to pass a law which will only affect individual people.A Private Bill does not make law for the whole country. However, a Private Members Bill is a Bill which is introduced by an indivual Member of Parliament. Very little Private Member Bills become laws, but there have been some important laws passed, for example the Abortion Act 1967 and the Household Waste Recycling Act 2003. MPs and Lords can introduce as many bills as they want, but most of them will have little chance of becoming laws. A ballot is present at the start of each parliamentary session.Sometimes an MP will use the Ten Minute Rule to make a short speech on the advantages of a bill they want to introduce, which is often a way of drawing attention to an issue rather than saying the advantages of their chosen bill. Bills can be introduced to either the Commons or the Lords first, every Public Bill has to be passed through stages in both Houses until it can become a law. The first stage is the bill’s official introduction to the House. It is made up of the short title of the bill being read out by the Clerk in the chamber.Then, then bill is given a date for the second stage, which is the second reading and an order made for it to be officially printed, making it available to all Members and the public. The second reading is when the main purpose of a bill is discussed and voted on. This is the first opportunity for MPs or Lords to say their concerns on areas where they think changes are needed. If the bill passes this stage, it moves on to the committee stage. The committee stage is where a detailed examination is said. It usually starts within a couple of weeks after the bill’s second reading.A Public Bill Committee is appointed which is usually able to take evidence from experts from outside Parliament. Changes for discussion are selected by the chairman of the committee and only members of the committee c an vote on the changes. This is when it is agreed on, changed or removed from the bill. A small amount of bills are dealt with by a Committee of the Whole House which takes place in the main chamber, where every MP is able to take part. The Lords Committee stage usually takes place in the main chamber and there is no time limit on discussion of amendments.The report stage is when a bill is returned to the House after the committee stage, this is where the whole House reviews the amended form of the bill. The third reading is the final opportunity for each House to debate and to vote on the bill as a whole. Debate on the bill is usually short, where changes can’t be made at the third party reading. The third party reading is the final vote on the Bill as a whole. There is a further debate on the Bill if six or more MP’s request it. If this happens, the Bill passes to another House where it will have to go through the same stages again.The power of the Supreme Court is l imited. When the Supreme Court makes changes to the Bill, the changes will be considered by the House of Commons before the Bill goes to its final stage. If the Supreme Court refuses to pass a Bill, the House of Commons can introduce the same Bill in the next Parliamentary session, if it is passed by the House of Commons for a second time it can then receive the Royal Assent and become a law without the agreement of the Supreme Court. The Royal Assets is a monarch has to approve the Bill and give their agreement for it to become a law.The last time the Royal Asset was refused was in 1707 when Queen Anne refused to agree to the Scottish Militia Bill. The doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty means that any statute passed by the Parliament can’t be challenge. It is associated with Dicey, who defines sovereignty as the right to make any law and the principle that there is no competing legislative body of Parliament. Parliament does not have time to debate every small detail of c omplex regulations. Making regulations through delegated legislation saves Parliamentary time.Society has become very technical, this makes it impossible that members of the Parliament cold have all the knowledge needed to control technology, ensuring environment safety, dealing with different industrial problems or operating complex taxation schemes. Delegated legislation allows the Government to make changes to a law without needing to push through a completely new Act of Parliament. Consultation is important for rules with technical things, where it is necessary to make sure that the regulations technically work.The process of passing an Act of Parliament can take time and in an emergency Parliament may not be able to pass law quick enough. However, Orders in Council can be made very quickly. Delegated legislation can be revoked easily when necessary so that the law can be kept up to date. This can be useful when monetary limits have to change each year, for example the minimum w age or the limits for legal aid. The main criticism is that delegated legislation takes law making away from the House of Commons and allows non-elected people to make law.This criticism can’t be made of laws made by the local authorities since there are elected bodies and accountable to the local citizens. Another problem is sub-delegation, this means that the law making authority is handed down another level. The large amount of delegated legislation is also a disadvantage as it makes it difficult to discover what the present law is. The delegated legislation shares with the Acts of Parliament the same problem that can cause difficulty in understanding the law. The UK joined the European Union on 1st January 1973.European law is mainly concerned with trade and work, but this affects areas of law, such as agriculture, company law, consumer rights, employment rights and environmental law. Since the UK joined the European Union, the highest court in our legal system is the Eur opean Court of Justice. The European Union law is made by the European Court of Justice is binding on all courts in England and Wales. The European Union doesn’t affect all area of our law, such as our criminal law, for this law the highest court is the Supreme Court. Parliament is seen as being the supreme law maker for England and Wales.The UK entering the European Union has affects Parliament’s supremacy, as the European laws take priority over any national law. This was decided even before the UK joined the European Union in the Dutvh case of Van Gend en Loos in 1963. Parliament can still be said to be supreme, since it is only through Parliament passing the European Committee’s Act 1972 that European law has effect in the UK. The Human Rights Act 1998 joined the European Convention on Human Rights in British law. This means that anyone taking a court case in the UK can rely on the rights given in the Convention as part of their case.The Act makes it impossi ble for a public authority to act in a way that is incompatible with a Convection right. Public authority is anyone who has some public function, this does not include Parliament. The right to life is the most fundamental of human rights. This is everyone’s right to life and is protected by the law, if this is breached then there is a breach of the Convection, this was seen in the case of McCann v United Kingdom in 1995. The aim of the Human Rights Act 1998 is to give  further effect to rights and freedoms under the European convention on human rights.

M.A. Project Work

Publication Month & Year :  July 2009 Authors:  Mora Sowjanya & Dr. Lokanandha Reddy Irala Industry:  Automobiles Region:  India Abstract: The objective of this case study is to illustrate the lessons of capital investment decisions through Tata Motor’s Nano project. In 2003, Ratan Tata, chairman of Tata Group, announced his vision of designing a safe and affordable car for the common man. However, right from its inception, the project had gone through several hurdles.Finally, overcoming all the financial, technical and social challenges, Nano, acclaimed as the world’s cheapest car, was launched amidst much hype and attention from all sections of media. While giving a brief on the entire journey of Nano from the origin of the idea to its launch, the case study highlights the importance of quantitative and qualitative factors in the evaluation of capital investment decisions.Besides, it provides the learning opportunities to discuss the nature of the capital budg eting decisions and its various types. Pedagogical Objectives: * To understand the nature of Tata’s Nano project and analyse the sequence of events that marked the launch of Nano * To derive relevant capital investment lessons from the way Nano project was conceived, handled and executed * To debate on the role of qualitative parameters in capital investment decisions and weighing the magainst quantitative analysis.Keywords :  Initial Capital Outlay; Qualitative Factors; Capital Investments; Irreversible projects; Capital Budgeting; Strategic; Long-term planning; MBA; Corporate Finance; Financial Management; Finance for Managers; Business Finance; Principles of Financial Management; Course Case Maps; Course Case Packs; Managerial Finance; Financial Management Course Case Pack; Financial Management Course Case capital budgeting of tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata nano,  capital budgeting technique of tata nano,  tata motors capital budgeting,  capital budget o f tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata pdf,  tata com motor from capital budeting,  tata com from capital budeting,  capital budgeting statement of tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata motors of 2012,  capital budgeting of tata motors in pdf,  capital budgeting of tata steel,  showing capital budgeting of tata motors,  capital budget of tata,  capita budget of tata moters,  capital budget of tata nano,project report capital budgeting of tata motors,

The Daughter of the Commandant

The Daughter of the Commandant by Russian writers in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Nevertheless, this idea is little explored. In the case of Pushkin and his use of Scott in his contribution to the development of Russian historical novel, the understanding of generic adaptation seems limited to one of two extremes. Either the process is somewhat mechanical combination of generic traits and individual content, where Pushkin adopts Scott's editor, epigraphs, and setting Sixty Years Since and places them in a Russian context. Following D. P. Jakubovich's lead in The Daughter of the Commandant is so organically informed by all of Scott's novels that the direct reference to The Heart of Midlothian becomes of no interest. The juxtaposition of Pushkin's novel with its Western literary sources, however, indicates that the process of adaptation from another literary tradition, at least as practiced by Pushkin, is strikingly similar to operations of the creative mind at any other time. After all, neither Scott nor even Shakespeare invented the story, which served as the kernel for The Daughter of the Commandant, The Heart of Midlothian, and Measure for Measure. In the light of mythological or fairy-tale elements in the story commented on by both Lotman and Tillyard, it is hardly possible to credit Giraldi Cinthio with being its originator either (Evdokimova, 2003). By the time Pushkin came along, this story had existed for many centuries in many different national traditions and in many different forms vacillating between drama and prose narrative. The fact that Pushkin himself was aware at least to a certain extent of this history is evident not just from his use of Shakespeare and Scott, but of Shakespe are through Scott. Moreover, it should be mentioned that Pushkins first attempt in the genre of the historical novel is The Arab of Peter the Great. It is the story of Pushkin's own great grandfather, the Abyssinian Ibrahim Hannibal, who had been presented to Peter the Great as a gift and who, with czar's encouragement, made a great career for himself. Pushkin fashions the story into a picture of family life and manners of the time of Peter the Great. However, he recognized that to accomplish his objectives he would have to become more intimate with the period. He stopped his work on the manuscript and started to intensively study Peter and his era. To complete it, Pushkin asked for and got permission to consult the documents in the national archives from Czar Nicholas in the early 1830s. His research was substantial and included the era of Catherine. At some point he also came across materials relating to Pugatchov rebellion. He decided to represent these events both poetically and historiographically (Pushkin, 2003). The result of this project was the historical novel published in 1836 - The Daughter of the Commandant. Another moment of great importance is that Pushkin integrated the values of family and manners. Hence, The Daughter of the Commandant is in a broader and more significant sense a family novel. Families of the characters, the first-person narrator Grinev and Mironova, the daughter of the commandant, are described in detail. The main site of the story, a small border garrison, is described as a careful representation of families and manners. The theme of family is given comic emphasis by showing how captain's wife commands not only her family, but in fact, the whole garrison. The two historical antagonists, the Empress Catherine and the kozak rebel Pugatchov, are shown only in connection with members of families of Grinev and Mironov. When he first encounters Grinev, Pugatchov is not yet the leader of the rebellion and becomes Grinev's friend. He also acts later as a kind of proxy wooer for the hero (as Peter did for Ibrahim). Even the Empress Catherine, who only appears late in the no vel, is introduced neither as the belligerent antagonist of Pugatchov, nor as the arrogant and splendiferous czarina, but as a lady of about forty, seated on a bench in the park, with red cheeks, in a white morning dress, accompanied by a little white dog, dispensing motherly advice to the confused heroine, who has come to her for help. It is well known that Pushkin created this image of Catherine after a contemporary painting of her. He chose it from many available portraits. He did not choose any of the ceremonial portraits, but rather this very private and familial one. Thus we see that in either of these novels Pushkin was seeking to combine historical figures and events with the Romanesque love story of figures of middle elevation (Shaw, 1963). What instead determines structure and perspective in this sort of historical novel is that by the presence of the middle hero in the middle genre of the novel, all figures and events, including historic ones, are portrayed from a corresp onding refracted viewpoint. To conclude, it has been mentioned that Pushkin imitated Walter Scott. But the area of imitation can be reduced to the choice of subject (17th century) and to the manner of treating the past as if it was the present. The Daughter of the Commandant is Pushkin's main contribution of this kind. It was written under the confessed influence of Scott, and critics have pointed out remarkable similarity of the final chapter to a similar scene in the "Heart of Midlothian". The Daughter of the Commandant contains quite as much incidents and adventures as any of the Waverley novels. With all that, it is about seven or eight times shorter than any of them. Pushkin writes only what is absolutely necessary to the story. There are no descriptions, no accessories, or useless characters. The conversations are rapid and to the point. The whole story is like an express train hurrying to its terminus, and a novel by Scott is like a cavalcade of Canterbury Pilgrims leisurely proceeding along a highway.

Our Complex Memory System essays

Our Complex Memory System essays What did you do yesterday? What did you do on the same day a year ago? Ten years ago? It is highly probable that you cannot recall what you were doing on a specific date ten years you, you have forgotten. The phenomenon of forgetting is an important topic to investigate as it can give us a further understanding of how our memory systems work. A classic study was carried out by Ebbinghaus (1885) using himself as the subject and nonsense syllables as the material to be learned. He learned 169 lists of 13 nonsense syllables then relearned each list after an interval ranging from 21 minutes to 31 days. He always found that some forgetting had occurred and used the amount of time taken to a relearn the list as a measure of how much had been forgotten. Ebbinghauss results showed that forgetting is rapid at first but gradually slows down. The rate of forgetting is more logarithmic, whereas the relationship between learning and remembering is linear. What is it that causes us to forget? There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that memory traces simply fade away over time, then second suggests that forgetting is the result other learning obscuring or interfering with memory traces. If the memory trace simply decays then the crucial factor in how much is forgotten should be much time has elapsed, the longer the delay, the less is recalled. If forgetting is due to interference however, the crucial factor would be the amount of events that occurred within that time, with more interfering events resulting in more forgetting. It is difficult to separate the importance of time from the importance of intervening events, but as shown in a study by Baddeley and Hitch (1977) it is possible. They asked football and rugby players to recall the names of the teams they had played previously in the season. It was the case that the majority of the players had missed some games and so for one player their game before last ma y have...

Free Essays on Death of Patriots

While covert ground operations continued, Air Force Gen. Richard B. Myers said the fight against the ruling Taliban regime and Osama bin Laden's al-Qaida terrorist network is ``a war we must win if we want to maintain our freedom.'' ``We have no options here,'' the Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman said on ABC's ``This Week.'' The bombing that began Oct. 7 has ``hit a lot of their training camps so they won't be doing any training in the near future in Afghanistan,'' Myers said. The goal is ``to squeeze out al-Qaida and diminish the Taliban's influence.'' As has been the Pentagon's practice, Myers would not describe the continuing missions, citing safety concerns for troops. ``I doubt if a coach is going to give away his game plan for today before he executes that plan,'' he said, ``I think the American people understand why we have to keep the details of our operations confidential.'' Asked whether U.S. forces would kill bin Laden on sight, Myers said ``it depends on the circumstances.'' ``If it's a defensive situation, then bullets will fly, but if we can capture somebody then we'll do that,'' he said. Senior Bush administration official said Sunday that the president signed an order last month directing the CIA to destroy bin Laden and his communications, security apparatus and infrastructure in retaliation for the Sept. 11 World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks. Bush also added more than $1 billion to the spy agency's war on terrorism, most of it for the new covert action. Myers said Saturday's campaign - involving Navy strike aircraft, several Air Force bombers and a few Air Force fighter-bombers - was conducted on much the same scale as the day before, when about 100 aircraft attacked 15 target areas, including Taliban air defenses and ammunition and vehicle storage areas. Myers would not discuss current U.S. ground operations under way inside Afghanistan. However, a senior defense official, speaking on condition of anonymity, s... Free Essays on Death of Patriots Free Essays on Death of Patriots While covert ground operations continued, Air Force Gen. Richard B. Myers said the fight against the ruling Taliban regime and Osama bin Laden's al-Qaida terrorist network is ``a war we must win if we want to maintain our freedom.'' ``We have no options here,'' the Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman said on ABC's ``This Week.'' The bombing that began Oct. 7 has ``hit a lot of their training camps so they won't be doing any training in the near future in Afghanistan,'' Myers said. The goal is ``to squeeze out al-Qaida and diminish the Taliban's influence.'' As has been the Pentagon's practice, Myers would not describe the continuing missions, citing safety concerns for troops. ``I doubt if a coach is going to give away his game plan for today before he executes that plan,'' he said, ``I think the American people understand why we have to keep the details of our operations confidential.'' Asked whether U.S. forces would kill bin Laden on sight, Myers said ``it depends on the circumstances.'' ``If it's a defensive situation, then bullets will fly, but if we can capture somebody then we'll do that,'' he said. Senior Bush administration official said Sunday that the president signed an order last month directing the CIA to destroy bin Laden and his communications, security apparatus and infrastructure in retaliation for the Sept. 11 World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks. Bush also added more than $1 billion to the spy agency's war on terrorism, most of it for the new covert action. Myers said Saturday's campaign - involving Navy strike aircraft, several Air Force bombers and a few Air Force fighter-bombers - was conducted on much the same scale as the day before, when about 100 aircraft attacked 15 target areas, including Taliban air defenses and ammunition and vehicle storage areas. Myers would not discuss current U.S. ground operations under way inside Afghanistan. However, a senior defense official, speaking on condition of anonymity, s...

How to Punctuate Quotations

How to Punctuate Quotations How to Punctuate Quotations How to Punctuate Quotations By Mark Nichol Quotation marks are signposts indicating that spoken or written words are being expressed. They have other purposes, too, but this post confines itself to this role. Despite the ubiquity of quotation marks, some people still err in placement of the closing mark. Generally, a close quotation mark follows rather than precedes a sentence’s terminal punctuation, as in the sentence â€Å"You have nothing to worry about.† (Styles for quotation marks in British English differ from those for American English: Terminal punctuation follows the close quotation mark, and dialogue and quotations are enclosed in pairs of single, not double, quotation marks.) Notice, however, that I wrote â€Å"generally,† and not just because of the British English exception. (As you see here, a comma, like a period, is located inside quotation marks when it follows one or more words thus confined.) What are the exceptions? If the terminal punctuation mark is a question mark or an exclamation mark, and it appears outside the context of the quotation, it should be located outside the quotation mark as well. (In the examples below, which I enclose in double quotation marks because they are themselves excerpts of written documents, the sentences in question are bracketed by single quotation marks the correct style for a quote of a quote.) For example, notice the placement of the question mark in â€Å"Who said, ‘You have nothing to worry about’?† The framing sentence, not the quotation, is an interrogative sentence, so the question mark belongs outside the single quotation marks bracketing the quotation (but inside the double quotation marks, because it is part of my example.) By the same token, in the sentence â€Å"I can’t believe he had the nerve to say, ‘You have nothing to worry about’!† the indignation resides in the context of the framing sentence, not in the recitation of another person’s contentious comment. Notice also that, though a period would ordinarily be located within the quotation followed by the question mark and a comma would usually appear after â€Å"about† in the example with the exclamation point, quotation marks and exclamation points trump and replace periods and commas in such sentence constructions. Punctuation marks are never paired (except in the use of multiple question marks or exclamation points in informal writing, and in the case of a close parenthesis and a period, like the tag team you see right here). That’s not all there is to quotation marks, of course. For example, in a future post, I’ll discuss the subtleties of proper placement of attributions, those identifying phrases such as â€Å"he said† or â€Å"she added† so fundamental to both journalism and literature. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)Is There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?30 Words for Small Amounts

Communication and Problem Solving Research Paper

Communication and Problem Solving - Research Paper Example gh team satisfaction have resulted from creativity in conflict resolution by dedicated team members seeking to create a culture of mutual respect combined with effective communication. In the article by Ken Pierce (p.60), the conflict arose as a result of building tension between an office scheduler and one of the physicians regarding a perceived negligence on the part of the physician to adequately carry his workload of patients. Lack of effective communication between them led to a breakdown of working cooperation which eventually involved management. There are actually several components to this particular conflict. The staff scheduler has made assumptions regarding the physician, â€Å"since the weather is nice, Jones is taking off with a couple of colleagues to go sailing or play a round of golf. After all, he always sports a dark tan, comes to clinic late and leaves early.† She sounds resentful at feeling forced to assume an extra workload as the result of his choice not to see patients, â€Å"having cancelled clinic twice this month already†. She also has internal filters that judge his level of commitment to the team. She appears to be operating from a position of intolerance and micromanagement. The scheduler, feeling manipulated and disrespected on several levels, opts not to show him the professional courtesy of discussing the situation with him by involving management to resolve the issue. The physician appears to act from a position of insensitivity and disrespect. He is insensitive to the needs of his patients, the seemingly unnecessary workload for the scheduler, and disregards what is involved in rescheduling the patients more than one time in a month. He exhibits disrespect for her position in asking her to breach trust with the patients and lie to them about why he can’t see them, and, possibly disrespect for his fellow team members, as well as the business, in not honoring his commitment to see patients. This is evident in his

Management Accounting 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management Accounting 2 - Essay Example The present CEO of the company, Sylvia Trott had realized that the company is inclining towards past achievements and the employees were not satisfied with this behaviour of the management towards them. So in order to measure the performance of the company, a sustainability approach has been adopted to identify certain key performance indicators of the company, such as: a) Social Indicators, b) Economic Indicators, and c) Financial Indicators. a) Social Indicators: The social indicators of WealthWise are the satisfaction level of the employees, percent of female employees in the top tiers of the management, number of employees recruited, who used to unemployed teenagers, ethical ranking that were given by the customers for the sales staff, and the number of native employees in the company. b) Financial Indicators: The major financial indicators that were considered are the return on investments, insurance premiums, and the net profit of the company. c) Economical Indicators: The econ omical indicators were the practices, and policies that the company implemented for the local suppliers and the expenses to maintain them, the method of recruiting or hiring the native staffs, and the projects that were developed for the benefit of the public. The mission of WealthWise during its inception was to offer environmental and social benefit to the people along with profit maximization. Further, with the progress and growth of the company, the mission of WealthWise extended to assist the customers in achieving a desired lifestyle through financial planning. Apart from this, employee satisfaction is also important because if the employees were dissatisfied then they cannot satisfy their customers. The philosophy of the company is to reflect financial growth, trust and strength through growing upwards, communicate positively, with energy, so as to achieve its mission (WealthWise, 2013a) In order to achieve the mission by the company, all the major performance indicators have to be considered. The social and the environmental benefit can be provided to the customers and society through assessment of the level of employee satisfaction, issues like gender parity in the top tiers of the company, pay scales, and performance evaluation techniques for the employees (Ladley, 2010). The mission to grow and generate revenue can be achieved by observing the financial indicators of the company, which consist of gross insurance premiums that the company can generate through insurance sales, the return of the company on investment, and the net profit. Apart from this, the economic indicators would provide a view of the effects of policies, practices of WealthWise, relationship with the suppliers, hiring process, etc (Rose, & Hudgins, 2010). Answer 3 Performance indicators are the elements that are assessed to evaluate the performance of the company. The term key performance indicators (KPIs) are used by the companies to scrutinize the success factors of various acti vities of the company. The KPIs can be quantitative, directional, financial, actionable, and practical. In case of WealthWise few KPIs, such as economical, financial and social, were considered for evaluating the performance and

Marketing Plan for a Fair Trade Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marketing Plan for a Fair Trade Company - Essay Example This essay stresses that business firms in the modern world face cut throat competition among themselves. It is almost impossible for a firm to achieve success in business in the modern world without an effective marketing plan. A business firm can only enjoy a broad customer base if it sets innovative and planned marketing strategies. A fair trading company is a company that involves in 100% just business transactions. This essay will enumerate an efficient marketing plan for a hypothetical fair trading firm in the confectionary industry. This paper makes a conclusion that since chocolates are mainly liked by children, while beginning its business Chocolies must adopt the program of free sampling in different schools in U.K. The enrolment rate for primary and secondary education in U.K. is very high. Thus, the program of free sampling would be expensive for Chocolies at the initial stage, but would surely help it to introduce its chocolates among almost 90% of children in U.K., who are potential buyers of chocolates (KPMG, 2012). The fair trading business firm may also sponsor many junior sports events. Sports events are not only watched by many viewers but also covered by social media. Sponsoring on such events would help the company enjoy a broad customer base for its chocolates. This report will concentrate on introducing a marketing plan for a hypothetical Fait Trading Company in the market of United Kingdom (U.K.). Situation Analysis The essay will consider the SWOT and PESTLE analysis for Chocolies (fair trading company). SWOT Strengths The biggest strength of the company is the growing consumers demand in U.K. confectionary industry. Right from its inception, the company would experience a broad customer base already parked in the U.K. confectionary industry. The chocolate confectionary business was worth approximately â‚ ¬ 5.41 billion in 2011, rising by almost 2.7% since 2007 (Sweet Retailing, 2012). Moreover, fair trading principles would surely benefit the brand popularity and prestige of the company. Weaknesses The fair trading company would have to accumulate lot of finances to succeed in its business and compete with the other potential rivals in the industry. The confectionary industry has other famous Fair Trading chocolate firms like the Devine Chocolate operating successfully in the U.K. market. Due to the rise in Diet conscious consumers, the aggregate demand for chocolates has fallen in market in the recent years. Moreover, the company would follow fair trading principles, as it would provide social welfare benefits and introduce fair trade prices for its chocolates; these policies would increase the cost of its chocolates. Cocoa beans are required to make chocolates; its total cultivable land availability is low. Disturbances in weather can often create problem for the company, as bargaining power of the suppliers would increase with such problems. The consumers may also feel that the company following fair trading prin

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Case Study Example This person has been found to be an average performer in the company. If this person gets promoted, then this would mark his last promotion before retirement. The last candidate is Quang Yeh, who has been a brilliant student in her class and is associated for almost three years with the company. This person has been found to be very ambitious and is a target oriented person who goes to any extent to meet her set goals. She is also a sincere and efficient employee and makes a point to attain her set goals at any cost. Roy and Quang were preferred by many employees as the most eligible person to get promoted and were found to have personal ties with many powerful people within the organization. On the other hand, Lael was very closely attached with Liz’s daughter, this was again creating a mental block for Lael to take a decision. Lael could not understand which person she should recommend for promotion. She was very confused and could not identify the right person who should be promoted and would be the ideal person for a higher position in the organization. Liz, Roy and Quang are three candidates who are qualifying for the higher managerial position in the organization. All the candidates are being backed by higher authorities in the organization. In support of Roy, one of the senor manager’s of the organization told Lael that â€Å"Roy has been with us a long time. He has done many good things for the company, sacrificing not only himself but also his family. I really hope that you can see your way to promoting him. It would be a favor to me that I wouldn’t forget.† (OLS 263: Ethical Decisions in Leadership Mid-Term Case Study: â€Å"An Ethical Dilemma†, n.d.). This statement shows that this manager wants Roy to get promoted and is trying to influence Lael so that Lael recommends Roy for being promoted. On the other hand, a top management personnel